A sitemap is a file that lists URLs on a website and gives search engines information about which pages can be crawled. A sitemap does not guarantee indexing, but it makes it easier for search engines to discover new or updated pages, especially on larger websites.
What does a sitemap involve in practice?
In practice, a sitemap is often generated automatically by the publishing platform. It should contain only canonical, relevant URLs that the organisation actually wants to be found. After a launch or migration, the sitemap should be checked and important errors followed up in Google Search Console.
A sitemap is relevant when a website has many pages, CMS content or a new structure. It is particularly useful during migrations and launches. See Google's sitemap guidance, Robots.txt and Technical SEO.
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