Universal design means that a website can be used by as many people as possible, including people with different disabilities. It covers vision, hearing, motor skills, cognition and how content is presented. Accessibility is both a design and development responsibility, not a feature added at the very end.
What does universal design involve in practice?
In practice, it includes good contrast, a logical heading structure, clear links, keyboard navigation, text alternatives, understandable forms and content that works with assistive technologies. WCAG is often used as a professional framework. Testing with a keyboard, zoom and screen reader should be combined with an assessment of language and content.
Universal design is relevant to all websites and especially important when an organisation has a broad audience or must meet public-sector requirements. It often creates a better user experience for everyone. See WCAG, the W3C introduction to accessibility and Responsive design.
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